Reportable Infectious Diseases Reference Manual (RIDRM)

Botulism

Botulism is one of the most potent and lethal substances known. In humans, botulism manifests itself in one of four clinical forms: foodborne botulism, infant, wound, or “Other” botulism (adult intestinal toxemia, iatrogenic botulism). The site of toxin production is different for each of the forms, but they all share the flaccid paralysis that results from exposure to botulinum toxin.

About Botulism

Actions Required and Control Measures

Reporting Requirements - Category 1

Botulism is physician reportable immediately by telephone on the day of recognition or strong suspicion to both the Connecticut Department of Public Health (DPH) and the local health department (LHD). A mailed report is also required within 12 hours. The director of any clinical laboratory must also report laboratory evidence of botulism to both the DPH and the LHD. To assure you have the most up-to-date information concerning reportable diseases, please visit the Reporting of Diseases, Emergency Illnesses, Health Conditions, and Laboratory Findings page.

National Surveillance Case Definitions

Case Investigation

LHD Responsibility: Collaborate with DPH on case investigation activities, including patient interviews to identify possible exposures. Provide information and educational materials describing the nature of the disease and preventive measures.

DPH Responsibility: Activities include facilitating diagnostic evaluation and testing and coordinating release of antitoxin or BabyBIG (for infant botulism). Coordinate case investigation activities with the LHD.

Control Measures

If a bioterrorist event is suspected, the DPH and other response authorities will work closely with LHD on how to proceed.

Updated 7/8/2025