What are the differences between the different COVID-19 vaccines available?

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Read time: 6 minutes

There are differences between the vaccine types, but all three vaccines currently authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are highly effective based on trials. If you are aged 6 months to 17 years, the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 are the only FDA authorized vaccine you to received. Adults can receive any of the three available COVID-19 vaccines in the United States, Pfizer, Moderna, or Johnson & Johnson.

Vaccine type:    Age Requirements   Doses required Recommended Time Between Doses 
 Pediatric Pfizer  6 months – 4 years  3  21 days between 1st and 2nd, then 56 days between 2nd and 3rd
 Pediatric Pfizer: mRNA vaccine  5 – 11 years
 2
 21 days 
 Pfizer: mRNA vaccine  12+  2   21 days
 Pediatric Moderna: mRNA vaccine  6 months – 17 years  2  28 days
 Moderna: mRNA vaccine   18+   2   28 days
 Johnson & Johnson: Viral vector vaccine   18+   1   N/A

 

You can talk with your medical provider if you have specific questions or concerns that may lead you to want to seek out one specific COVID-19 vaccine versus another. If you are aged 6 months to 17 years old, you may only receive the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine.

 

View the FDA fact sheets on each vaccine:
Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Fact Sheet
Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine Fact Sheet
Johnson & Johnson/Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine Fact Sheet

Vaccine Facts