Overview

Understanding Dyslexia and Reading Difficulties

• Dyslexia is a language-based learning disability of learning to read and write that affects phonological processing, word recognition, spelling, and reading fluency. Slow processing speed (reading fluency) can also impact comprehension and written expression.
• Dyslexia often coexists with other developmental challenges, such as attention, memory and executive function difficulties.
• Reading difficulty involves inaccurate and/or slow recognition of printed words and can also include difficulties with spelling.
• Reading skills exist on a continuum, and many students with milder presentations of dyslexia may never be formally diagnosed or receive special education services. Mild and some moderate difficulties will most likely be addressed through intervention in general education.
• Early identification and intervention are essential to preventing long-term academic challenges.
• Addressing dyslexia is the responsibility of all educators, not just reading specialists or special education teachers.
• Reading difficulties benefit from tailored instructional approaches.
• Dyslexia and reading difficulties often exist in students with aptitudes, talents, and abilities that enable them to be successful in many domains.