Plants Reported to Cause Dermatitis

PP042 (5/03R)

By Dr. Sharon M. Douglas
Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology
The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station
123 Huntington Street
P. O. Box 1106
New Haven, CT 06504-1106

Telephone: (203) 974-8601 Fax: (203) 974-8502
Email: Sharon.Douglas@ct.gov

Numerous plant parts and products have been implicated in contact dermatitis. Symptoms often vary and depend on several factors including the sensitivity of the individual, the extent of contact, and the condition of the plant or plant product. The most familiar cause of dermatitis in Connecticut is poison ivy, Toxicodendron radicans.

The following list covers many of the plants most frequently associated with dermatitis, but it is not all-inclusive.

  • Latin Name

    Common Name

    Active Substance or Plant Part of Concern

    Ailanthus altissima

    Tree of Heaven

    Flowers, leaves

    Anacardium occidentale

    Cashew nut

    Sap, "husks" of nuts

    Anagallis arvensis

    Scarlet pimpernel

    Leaves

    Anthemis arvensis

    Corn chamomile

    Leaves and flowers

    Anthemis cotula

    Dog fennel

    Leaves and flowers

    Aralia spinosa

    Hercules club

    Bark

    Arctium lappa

    Great burdock

    Leaves (1)

    Arisaema triphyllum

    Jack-in-the-pulpit

    Leaves, corms

    Asarum canadense

    Wild ginger

    Leaves

    Asimina triloba

    Papaw

    Fruit

    Asparagus officinalis

    Asparagus

    Young stems

    Borago officinalis

    Borage

    Leaves (1)

    Buxus sempervirens

    Boxwood

    Leaves

    Cannabis sativa

    Hemp, Marijuana

    Leaves, flowers

    Catalpa speciosa

    Catalpa

    Flowers

    Caulophyllum thalictroides

    Blue cohosh

    Rootstocks

    Chelidonium majus

    Celandine

    Juice

    Chimaphila umbellate

    Pipsissewa

    Leaves and stems

    Clematis virginiana

    Virgin’s bower

    Leaves

    Colchicum autumnale

    Autumn crocus

    Leaves

    Conium maculatum

    Poison-hemlock

    Leaves

    Convallaria majalis

    Lily of the valley

    Leaves

    Cypripedium reginae

    Showy lady-slipper

    Hairy leaves and stems

    Cypripedium parviflorum

    Yellow lady-slipper

    Hairy leaves and stems

    Daphne mezereum

    Daphne

    Bark

    Datura stramonium

    Jimson-weed

    Leaves, flowers, fruit

    Daucus carota

    Wild carrot

    Leaves

    Delphinium ajacis

    Larkspur

    Leaves, seeds

    Dictamnus albus

    Gasplant, Dittany

    Seed pods, leaves

    Dirca palustris

    Leatherwood

    Bark

    Echium vulgare

    Vipers bugloss

    Leaves and stems

    Encelia californica

    California encelia

    Leaves

    Erigeron canadensis

    Horseweed

    Leaves

    Euphorbia marginata

    Snow-on-the-mountain

    Milky juice

    Euphorbia spp.

    Spurge

    Milky juice

    Fagopyrum esculentum

    Buckwheat

    Leaves

    Gelsemium sempervirens

    Yellow Jessamine

    Leaves and stems

    Ginkgo biloba

    Gingko, Maidenhair-tree

    Fruit

    Hedera helix

    English ivy

    Leaves

    Helleborus niger

    Christmas-rose

    Leaves

    Heracleum lanatum

    Cow-parsnip

    Leaves

    Hippomane mancinella

    Manchineel

    Milky juice

    Humulus lupulus

    Hops

    Leaves

    Hypericum perforatum

    St. Johns-wort

    Leaves

    Iris versicolor

    Blue flag

    Rhizomes

    Iris spp.

    Iris

    Rhizomes

    Iva xanthifolia

    Marsh-elder

    Leaves

    Jatropha stimulosa

    Spurge nettle

    Leaves and stems

    Juniperus virginiana

    Eastern red cedar

    Needles

    Juniperus spp.

    Juniper

    Needles

    Laportea canadensis

    Wood nettle

    Leaves and stems

    Leonurus cardiaca

    Motherwort

    Leaves

    Lobelia inflate

    Indian tobacco

    Leaves

    Lycopersicon esculentum

    Tomato

    Leaves, stems, fruit

    Maclura pomifera

    Osage-orange

    Milky juice, spines

    Mentzelia spp.

    Mentzelia

    Leaves (1)

    Metopium toxiferum

    Poison-wood

    Leaves and bark

    Nerium oleander

    Oleander

    Leaves

    Pastinaca sativa

    Wild parsnip

    Hairs on leaves and stems

    Phaecelia spp.

    Phacelia

    Leaves

    Podophyllum peltatum

    May-apple

    Rootstocks

    Polygonum spp.

    Smartweed

    Leaves

    Primula spp.

    Primrose

    Leaves

    Ptelea trifoliate

    Wafer ash or Hoptree

    Leaves

    Ranunculus spp.

    Buttercups

    Leaves

    Rheum rhaponticum

    Rhubarb

    Leaves

    Rhus verniciflua

    Japanese varnish-tree

    Leaves, bark, fruit, and lacquer

    Rumex spp.

    Sorrel, Dock

    Leaves

    Ruta graveolens

    Rue

    Leaves

    Sanguinaria canadensis

    Bloodroot

    Juice from stem and rootstock

    Sedum acre

    Mossy stonecrop

    Juice

    Toxicodendron radicans

    Poison ivy, Poison oak

    Leaves, bark, fruit

    Toxicodendron vernix

    Poison sumac

    Leaves, bark, fruit

    Trifolium hybridum

    Alsike clover

    Leaves

    Urtica spp.

    Nettles

    Hairy leaves and stems (2)

    Veratrum viride

    False hellebore

    Leaves

  • (1) Dermatitis caused by mechanical injury.
    (2) Dermatitis caused by mechanical and chemical injury.

    *List compiled from the following sources:
    Muenscher, W.C. 1960. Poisonous Plants of the United States. The Macmillan Company, New York, NY, 227 pp.
    Tampion, J. 1977. Dangerous Plants. Universe Books, New York, NY, 176 pp.
  • Summary

    This fact sheet is a compilation of plants that have been reported to cause contact dermatitis in humans. Plants are listed by both their common and Latin names.