Resources

Resources:

¹ Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP); personal communication from T. Tyler, March 24, 2021.

² National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service; w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=box

³ DEEP, portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/climatechange/publications/BuildingaLowCarbonFutureforCTGC3Recommendationspdf.pdf

⁴ Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Air Data: Air Quality Data Collected at Outdoor Monitors Across the US; www.epa.gov/outdoor-air-quality-data

⁵ EPA, AirNow, Interactive Map of Air Quality; gispub.epa.gov/airnow/index.html?tab=3

⁶ DEEP, Annual Summary Information for Ozone; portal.ct.gov/DEEP/Air/Monitoring/Annual-Summary-Information-for-Ozone

⁷ EPA, Historical Exceedance Days in New England; www3.epa.gov/region1/airquality/standard.html

8 Connecticut General Statutes (CGS), Sec 23-8(b); www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_447.htm#sec_23-8b

⁹ DEEP, Monthly Open Space Reports to the Finance, Revenue and Bonding Committee and the State Bond Commission; portal.ct.gov/DEEP/Open-Space/DEEP-Monthly-Open-Space-Reports

¹⁰ EPA, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2017 – Land Use, Land Use Change, and Forestry Chapter; www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2019-04/documents/us-ghg-inventory-2019-chapter-6-land-use-land-use-change-and-forestry.pdf

¹¹ New York State, Department of Environmental Conservation; https://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/90720.html

¹² University of Connecticut (UConn), Center for Land Use Education and Research (CLEAR), Changing Landscape; clear.uconn.edu/projects/landscape/CT/stats.htm#top

¹³ DEEP, Comprehensive Open Space Acquisition Strategy 2016-2020 Green Plan, portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/open_space/GreenPlan/2016GreenPlanCompletePlanpdf.pdf

¹⁴ United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service; www.nrs.fs.fed.us/fia/data-tools/state-reports/CT/default.asp

¹⁵ DEEP, GC3 Final Report: Working & Natural Lands Working Group - Rivers Sub-Working Group; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/climatechange/GC3/GC3-working-group-reports/GC3-WNLWG-Rivers-Final-Report-11-20-20.pdf

¹⁶ DEEP, Forest Fragmentation Data; personal communication from D. Peracchio, October 15, 2020.

¹⁷ DEEP, 2020 Connect Forest Action Plan; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/forestry/2020-CT-Forest-Action-Plan-FINAL-Submitted-for-Approval.pdf

¹⁸ USDA Forest Service. 2020. Forests of Connecticut, 2019. Resource Update FS–240. CT_2019_forestinventory_estimatetables; www.nrs.fs.fed.us/fia/data-tools/state-reports/CT/default.asp

¹⁹ CT Dept. of Agriculture (DoAg); personal communication from C. Weimar, January 5, 2021.

²⁰ DoAg, Farmland Preservation Program; portal.ct.gov/DOAG/ADaRC/ADaRC/Farmland-Preservation#overview

²¹ USDA, 2019 State Agricultural Overview; www.nass.usda.gov/Quick_Stats/Ag_Overview/stateOverview.php?state=CONNECTICUT

²² DEEP, Forestry Division; personal communication from C. Martin, February 1, 2021.

23 DEEP, GC3 Final Report: Working & Natural Lands Working Group - Agriculture/Soils Working Subgroup; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/climatechange/GC3/GC3-working-group-reports/GC3_WNL_Ag_Soils_Final_Report_111320.pdf

²⁴ UConn, CLEAR, State Land Cover Statistics; clear.uconn.edu/projects/landscape/CT/stats.htm#top

²⁵ CGS Sec. 22a-38 (15); www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_440.htm#sec_22a-38

²⁶ DEEP, Final Report: Working and Natural Lands Working Group, Wetlands Subgroup, November 2020, portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/climatechange/GC3/GC3-working-group-reports/GC3_WNL_Wetlands_Final_Report_111320.pdf

²⁷ DEEP, Long Island Sound Water Quality and Hypoxia Monitoring Program; portal.ct.gov/DEEP/Water/LIS-Monitoring/LIS-Water-Quality-Monitoring-Maps

²⁸ DEEP, Nitrogen Control Program for Long Island Sound; Personal communications from I. Raffa, March 12, 2021

²⁹ DEEP, Nitrogen Control Program for Long Island Sound; The Long Island Sound TMDL Frequently Asked Questions; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/water/lis_water_quality/nitrogen_control_program/tmdlfaqpdf.pdf

³⁰ DEEP; Long Island Sound Water Quality and Hypoxia Monitoring Program, personal communication from K. O’Brien-Clayton, January 5, 2021.

³¹ NOAA, Tides and Currents; tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/map/index.html?region=Connecticut

³² Connecticut Department of Public Health and EPA, Beach Advisory and Closing On-line Notification; watersgeo.epa.gov/beacon2/reports.html

³³ DEEP, GC3 Final Report: Working & Natural Lands Working Group - Rivers Sub-Working Group; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/climatechange/GC3/GC3-working-group-reports/GC3-WNLWG-Rivers-Final-Report-11-20-20.pdf

³⁴ DEEP, 2020 Integrated Water Quality Report - September 2020; portal.ct.gov/DEEP/Water/Water-Quality/Water-Quality-305b-Report-to-Congress.

³⁵ Department of Public Health, Drinking Water Section; personal communication from C. Roy, February 22, 2021.

³⁶ United States Geological Survey, “Arsenic and Uranium Occurrence in Private Wells in Connecticut, 2013–18— A Spatially Weighted and Bedrock Geology Assessment”; Eliza L. Gross and Craig J. Brown, Open-File Report 2020–1111. Version 1.1, November 2020. pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1111/ofr20201111.pdf

³⁷ NOAA, Commercial Fisheries Landings; www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/sustainable-fisheries/commercial-fisheries-landings.

³⁸ “Investigating the Presence of Pesticides in American Lobster from Long Island Sound”, 2016; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/fishing/fisheries_management/CTDEEPInvestigatingthepresenceofpesticidesinAmericanlobsterfromLongIslandSoundpdf.pdf.

³⁹ DEEP, Division of Marine Fisheries; personal communication from K. Gottschall, May 13, 2020.

⁴⁰ “Projecting shifts in thermal habitat for 686 species on the North American continental shelf”, May 16, 2018; www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5955691/

⁴¹ DoAg, Bureau of Aquaculture; personal communication with K. DeRosia-Banick, March 12, 2021.

⁴² Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) Atlantic Coast Population Revised Recovery Plan, May 2, 1996, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), www.fws.gov/northeast/pipingplover/pdf/entire_plan.pdf

⁴³ DEEP, Wildlife; personal communication from L. Saucier, March 12, 2021.

⁴⁴ USFWS, “Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation”, March 2020; ecos.fws.gov/docs/five_year_review/doc6378.pdf

⁴⁵ USFWS, 2019 Atlantic Coast Piping Plover Abundance and Productivity Estimates; https://www.fws.gov/northeast/pipingplover/pdf/2019-Update-Final.pdf

⁴⁶ DEEP, Wildlife Division-Bureau of Natural Resources; personal communication from B. Hess, February 16, 2021.

⁴⁷ DEEP, CT Bald Eagles 2020 Statewide Summary, Wildlife Division, Wildlife Diversity Program, and State and Tribal Wildlife Grants programs; personal communication from Brian Hess, February 17, 2021.

⁴⁸ USFWS, History of Bald Eagle Decline, Protection and Recovery; www.fws.gov/midwest/eagle/history/index.html.

⁴⁹ Connecticut Audubon Society, “Osprey Nation Report for the 2020 Season”, www.ctaudubon.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Osprey-Nation-Report-for-the-2020-Season_March-5-2021.pdf

⁵⁰ “Decline of the North American avifauna”, Science, October 4, 2019; science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6461/120/tab-figures-data.

⁵¹ U.S. Geological Survey's Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, North American Breeding Bird Survey; www.pwrc.usgs.gov/bbs/.

⁵² DEEP, 2015 Connecticut Wildlife Action Plan portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/wildlife/pdf_files/nongame/CTWAP/CTWAPExecutiveSummarypdf.pdf

⁵³ DEEP, Wildlife Division, Wildlife Diversity Program, and State and Tribal Wildlife Grants programs; personal communication from Brian Hess, February 17, 2021.

⁵⁴ Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station; personal communication from J. Shepard, November 24, 2020.

⁵⁵ Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis); portal.ct.gov/CAES/Publications/Publications/Emerald-Ash-Borer-Agrilus-planipennis

⁵⁶ Connecticut’s 2020 Forest Action Plan, December 2020; portal.ct.gov/DEEP/Forestry/CT-Forest-Action-Plan

⁵⁷ DEEP, Waste Management; personal communication from P. Brunelli, February 5, 2021.

⁵⁸ 2016 Comprehensive Materials Management Strategy, DEEP, Waste Management; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/waste_management_and_disposal/Solid_Waste_Management_Plan/CMMSFinalAdoptedComprehensiveMaterialsManagementStrategypdf.pdf

⁵⁹ DEEP, Waste Management, Connecticut Coalition for Sustainable Materials Management; portal.ct.gov/DEEP-CCSMM

⁶⁰ DEEP, Waste Management; personal communication from P. Brunelli, February 5, 2021.

⁶¹ 2017 Connecticut Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory, DEEP, Climate Change, released 2020; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/climatechange/2017_GHG_Inventory/2017_GHG_Inventory.pdf

⁶² Energy Information Administration (EIA), Electricity Data Browser, Retail Sales of Electricity, Residential Sector; www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/topic/5?agg=2,0,1&geo=008&freq=A&start=2001&end=2019&ctype=linechart&ltype=pin&rtype=s&pin=&rse=0&maptype=0

⁶³ EIA, Electricity Data Browser, Retail Sales of Electricity, Commercial and Industrial Sector; www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/topic/5?agg=2,0,1&geo=008&freq=A&start=2001&end=2019&ctype=linechart&ltype=pin&rtype=s&pin=&rse=0&maptype=0

⁶⁴ Energize Connecticut, The Connecticut Energy Efficiency Fund; www.energizect.com/about. Energy Efficiency Board Annual Legislative Reports; www.energizect.com/connecticut-energy-efficiency-board/about-energy-efficiency-board/annualreports

⁶⁵ Independent System Operator – New England (ISO-NE), ISO New England Electric Generator Air Emissions Reports; www.iso-ne.com/system-planning/system-plans-studies/emissions/

⁶⁶ DEEP, 2018 Connecticut Comprehensive Energy Strategy, Building Sector; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/energy/CES/BuildingsSectorpdf.pdf

⁶⁷ U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Emerging Technologies; https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/emerging-technologies

⁶⁸ DOE, Energy Information Administration (EIA), Electricity Data Browser, Net Generation for Electric Power, (Connecticut - All Fuels); www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/topic/0?agg=2,0,1&fuel=vtvv&geo=008&sec=008&freq=A&start=2001&end=2019&ctype=linechart&ltype=pin&rtype=s&maptype=0&rse=0&pin=

⁶⁹ DEEP, 2020 Draft Integrated Resources Plan; portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/energy/IRP/2020-IRP/2020-CT-DEEP-Draft-Integrated-Resources-Plan-in-Accordance-with-CGS-16a-3a.pdf

⁷⁰ ISO New England, 2020 CELT Report, 2020-2029 Forecast Report of Capacity, Energy, Loads, and Transmission, May 1, 2020; www.iso-ne.com/system-planning/system-plans-studies/celt

⁷¹ ISO-New England, Forward Capacity Market Participation Guide; www.iso-ne.com/markets-operations/markets/forward-capacity-market/fcm-participation-guide/about-the-fcm-and-its-auctions#:~:text=Forward%20Capacity%20Auctions&text=This%20commitment%20is%20called%20a,the%20energy%20and%20reserve%20markets.

⁷² Connecticut Green Bank; personal communication from L. Charpentier, January 8, 2021.

⁷³ DOE, EIA, Electric Data Browser, Net Generation for Electric Power (Annual); www.eia.gov/electricity/data/browser/#/topic/0?agg=2,0,1&fuel=vtvv&geo=008&sec=008&freq=A&start=2001&end=2019&ctype=linechart&ltype=pin&rtype=s&maptype=0&rse=0&pin= and ISO New England, December 2020 Distributed Generation Survey Results, Distributed Generation Forecast Working Group; February 22, 2021; www.iso-ne.com/static-assets/documents/2021/02/dg_survey_results_dec2020.pdf.

⁷⁴ ISO-New England, Final 2020 PV Forecast, April 29, 2020; www.iso-ne.com/static-assets/documents/2020/04/final_2020_pv_forecast.pdf

⁷⁵ Connecticut Siting Council; portal.ct.gov/CSC.

⁷⁶ DEEP, Bureau of Air Management; personal communication from L. Corsino, February 2, 2021.

⁷⁷ Governor Ned Lamont, Press Releases, December 21, 2020: portal.ct.gov/Office-of-the-Governor/News/Press-Releases/2020/12-2020/Connecticut-Massachusetts-Rhode-Island-and-DC-Commit-To-Historic-Program-To-Reduce-Climate-Pollution

⁷⁸ EIA, Connecticut Total Gasoline All Sales per Deliveries by Prime Supplier Annual; www.eia.gov/opendata/qb.php?sdid=PET.C100011091.A

⁷⁹ Connecticut Department of Transportation; personal communication from R. Almeida; January 29, 2021.

⁸⁰ Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities, “Rideshare in Massachusetts”, 2019 Data Report; tnc.sites.digital.mass.gov/.

⁸¹ DEEP, Department-wide Federal Fiscal Year 2020 Enforcement Statistics (10/01/19 - 09/30/20); portal.ct.gov/-/media/DEEP/enforcement/reports/2020-totals-enforcement-statistics-5_year-average-website.pdf