Weather Instuments Utilized

Lockwood Farm
Mount Carmel
890 Evergreen Avenue
Hamden, Connecticut 06518

Recording Pyrheliometer- The Pyrheliograph currently in use is a self-contained, self-energized instrument for recording solar heat energy. The units of measurement are Langleys per minute or calories/cm2/minute. Use the following equation to convert to Watts/m2. Langleys/minute x 697 = Watts/m2.

Hygrothermograph- The Hygrothermograph is a portable instrument designed to furnish an accurate, continuous record of relative humidity and temperature. Separate pens plot the relative humidity and temperature traces on a chart. The chart is mounted on a cylinder which is set up to revolve once in 176 hours (weekly).

Digital Thermometer- A Nimbus PL Digital Thermometer records current temperatures and the maximum and minimum temperatures from the previous 24 hour period. The unit can store the max and min for up to 35 days. It is connected to a modem for remote data retrieval and was provided by the National Weather Service.

Wind Vane- Indicates wind direction. Visually monitored and physically recorded on daily weather charts.

Non-recording rain and snow gage- The 8” non-recording gage consists of an overflow can, measuring tube, collector funnel, and measuring stick. Rainfall is recorded to the nearest 0.01 inch. Rainfall caught in the receiver is funneled into the measuring tube. Here, rainfall accumulation can be determined directly with the provided measuring stick. The tube capacity is two inches. Rainfall exceeding this amount spills into the overflow can but can be easily measured by pouring it into the measuring tube for total rainfall accumulation. To measure solid precipitation, the collector funnel and measuring tube are removed for the winter season. Then the solid precipitation collected in the overflow can is reduced to water and poured into the measuring tube. The rain equivalent of the solid precipitation can now be determined with the same measuring stick used for rainfall events.

National Weather Service COOP Automatic Weather Station- This station measures precipitation and temperature. The measurements are saved as data on a data logger installed on the weather station and periodically transmitted to the Data Collection Center at the National Weather Service. A PDA is provided to send manual observations to the data logger. It can also be used to view a limited set of the most recent weather data saved on the data logger.